C. olitorius and C. capsularis, are tall, usually annual herbs, reaching a height of 2.4 m. They are used as a major source of natural fibres mainly in Asian and Latin American countries. C. olitorius either grew spontaneously in open fields, or cultivated by humans in a traditional way. It varies from two to twenty-five days. There are neither Arabic nor Persian names for the species of Corchorus, known to the people of India. However, Roxburgh reported the non-jute yielding species of Corchorus as natives of India. It’s the second most important vegetable fiber after cotton in terms of usage, global consumption, … Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.), black nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) Many species of Malvoideae have been exploited for the Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients in Corchorus Capsularis. It is an important tool to enable gathering and sharing information about the two cultivated species, C. olitorius and C. capsularis biodiversity. 2. Leaves: (wool, about 1½ million tonnes annually) and is comparable to the total The contents and pharmacological importance of Corchorus capsularis- A review 59 Jute was known as the golden fiber. A special enquiry was, in 1873-74 in Madras of wild or cultivated jute found in that Presidency, and C. olitorius was reported to have been discovered both wild and cultivated. Economic Importance of Jute in Bangladesh: Production, Research ... two, i.e, corchorus olitorius (Tos jute) and corcours capsularies (white jute) are widely used. Mansonia and Heritiera, but Tilia, Talipariti and Cotton All information on the economic importance of S. bradys is derived from research on yams (Dioscorea spp.). The bast fibre is obtained from C. capsularis, a species with round pods which is grown in lowland areas subject to inundation. moscheutos and allies, and Rose of Sharon, Hibiscus syriacus. In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Balsa, Ochroma pyramidale, is noted Many arborescent species of Malvaceae are used for timber, some The genus Corchorus of subfamily Grewoideae under Malvaceae (Whitlock et al., 2003) is of considerable interest for economic importance and pantropical but puzzling distribution. Besides these disadvantages the jute is cheap and easily spun makes it valuable. Lavateras, Lavatera trimestris, hardy hibiscus, Hibiscus The thick cloth made from jute fibre is used for making gunny-bags. has an annual production of about 1 million tonnes. oil, kenaf oil) of the cultivation of cottons and kenaf for fibre. The best known source is Jute is a long, soft, shiny bast fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is cultivated in Egypt, India and in France. In warmer climes to these are added tropical hibiscus, Before sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. It might be found possible to produce forms of Corchorus from some of the truly wild species which would closely approximate to C. capsularis and C. olitorius. Plants of the family are also used for food, beverages, timber, in In India, the crop is sown between March and May, and harvested between July and September, It is grown mainly in West Bengal, Assam and Bihar, which together account for 90 per cent of the total area sown. The crop is stacked in bundles for two or three days, to give time for the decay of the leaves, which are said to discolour the fibre in the retting process. Since weeds are so common, people generally do not understand their economic impact on crop losses and control costs. In most parts of Africa, its leaves are cooked and widely consumed as a and E. sphaericus (Gaertn.) Vegetable oil is produced as a byproduct (cottonseed Various species of this genus have been reported to be of economic and systematic importance (Mbaye et al., 2001). Corchorus olitorius is not just a leafy Vegetable known to West Africa, but to the whole of the world it serves as a great content of fibre, it also use for weight loss, beauty practices amongst other things, if these Vegetable is highly cultivated (it grows extremely well in Nigeria), it can be exported to other parts of the world, thereby generating more income not just for the farmer but as a revenue … The bundles are made to sink in the water by placing on the top of them sods and mud. Botany, Economic Botany, Fibre Yielding Plants, Jute. Core collection of two important indigenous vegetables; Gboma eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L.) and Jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) in Africa: An important step for exploitation of existing germplasm and development of improved cultivars Albert Owusu 1, 2, 3Kwarteng , Richard Adu Amoah3, Daniel Nyadanu3, Clement Kwarteng Nyam3, Jonah Jute" is the name of the plant or fiber used to make burlap, hessian or gunny cloth. This dwarfs the production of animal fibres J. F. Duthie found C. capsularis on the banks of the Gumpti near Judalpur in a wild state. subjects are hollyhocks, Alcea rosea, musk mallows, The cultivator, standing up to the waist in the foetid water proceeds to remove small portion of the bark from the ends next the roots. Jute, obtained from the phloem fibres of Corchorus Title Protabase - Plant Resources of Tropical Africa. Kola nuts, the fruits of Cola nitida and other Content Guidelines 2. The name of species It is a well-liked vegetable, easily preserved as dried leaf, nutritious and important in food security policy[299. Jute fiber was produced mainly from two important species: White Jute (Corchours capsularis), and Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius). capsularis and Corchorus olitorius, is also an important fibre crop; The largest producers are China, the United The most important food crops are durian, the fruit of India and Bangladesh are by far the largest producers. A special enquiry was, in 1873-74 in Madras of wild or cultivated jute found in that Presidency, and C. olitorius was reported to have been discovered both wild and cultivated. Jute is used chiefly for rough weaving. Corchorus capsularis is called White Jute and Corchorus olitorius is called Tossa Jute. In Aleppo, it is grown by the Jews, hence the name, Jew's mallow. one hundred. The very long pale-yellow fibres from six to ten feet in length, are quite stiff, as they are considerably lignified; they possess a silky lustre. Production is also extensive in Central tetraploids Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense. is used primarily for insulation. The operator has therefore to visit the tank daily, and ascertain, by means of his nail, if the fibre has begun to separate from the stem. [ 33 , 71 - 74 ] Although in the current study the active compound(s) in the aqueous extract of C. olitorius were not isolated or identified, flavonoids are possible candidates among the active compound(s) in C. olitorius . The plant is also the source of an excellent fibre. It is often cultivated in the tropics and warm temperate areas both for the fibre in its stem and also for its edible leaves [ 183 The crop is harvested within three or four months after planting, while the flowers are still in bloom. The plant is a very popular vegetable crop in many tropical countries, where it makes an excellent spinach substitute in areas with hot summers. species is used commercially as a flavouring ingredient in drinks (colas or The leaves of Corchorus are rich in betacarotene, iron, calcium, and vitamin C. The plant has an antioxidant activity with a significant α- tocopherol equivalent vitamin E. In North Africa and the Middle East, the young leaves of Corchorus species are known in Arabic as malukhiyah and are used as green leafy vegetables. List of various diseases cured by Corchorus Capsularis. Asia, the Middle East, Australia, Brasil, and Mediterranean Europe. Corchorus. Jute plant (Corchorus olitorius) is an important vegetable crop in Nigeria. Fibre from C. olitorius, an upland species with long pods, is but little inferior. The commercial fibre jute is obtained from either one or both of the following species of Corchorus, viz., C. capsularis Linn., grown in West Bengal and Bangladesh, and C. olitorins Linn., raised in the vicinity of Calcutta. It It is widely found in tropical and subtropical areas from Asia to Africa appreciated as food … Our mission is to provide an online platform to help students to share notes in Biology. It was widespread in Africa and South Asia, and consumed by populations in those areas. Several species of Corchorus are used as vegetable, of which Corchorus olitorius is most frequently cultivated. 5 Main Types of Fibre Plants | Economic Botany, Cotton: History, Types and Uses of Cotton. Asia, okra, the fruit of Abelmoschus esculentus, which is used as How Corchorus Capsularis is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Production of Mrenda (Corchorus olitorius) in Kenya has been low due to various reasons, such as poor agronomic practices like incorrect fertilizer rates. Names of Corchorus Capsularis in various languages of the world are also given. marsh-mallow, Althaea officinalis. Jute is one of the strongest natural plant fibers. of them commercially. Corchorus olitorius L.) belongs to genus Corchorus and classified under the subfamily Grewioideae of the family Tiliaceae (Khan et al., 2015). This is a question and answer forum for students, teachers and general visitors for exchanging articles, answers and notes. many other genera are used. However, Roxburgh reported the non-jute yielding species of Corchorus as natives of India. When the proper stage has been reached, the retting is rapidly completed. There are no Sanskrit names for these plants. officinalis. C. olitorius (jute mallow) is an important green leafy vegetable in many areas. species are also eaten. It is of high socio-economic importance especially in western Nigeria where the livelihood of millions of local farmers depends on Corchorus production and utilization. kolas). Another type of coarse cloth is largely used for making the sails of country boats, and also for bags to hold large seeds or fruits. production of synthetic fibres. Share Your PPT File. The period of retting depends upon the nature of the water, the kind of fibre, and condition of the atmosphere. By the beginning of the nineteenth century the word pat was completely superseded by jute in all commercial correspondence. It is now wrung out so as to remove as much water as possible, and then hung up on lines prepared on the spot, to dry in the sun. in horticulture, the number of species used in at least a small way exceeding Bombacoideae, particularly Bombax ceiba (250,000 tonnes annually), is In one district its introduction is fixed at 1872, in another at 1865, in a third before the date of the British rule and in a fourth it is put down at 500 years ago. Several other species are exploited for their phloem fibres, It was the most important cash crop. With the facts of this kind it is believed that jute plant is a comparatively modern development from some wild stock which was unknown to the Sanskrit writers. However, De Candolle was not convinced that the species existed in a truly wild state in the north of Calcutta. fibre crops. 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